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Evolution - Living Symbiotically with MicrobesAll things change in order to develop and expand. In biology, the theory of evolution explains that

Groups of organisms change with the passage of time, mainly as a result of natural selection, so that descendants differ morphologically and physiologically from their ancestors.

In layman’s terms, morphologically means “in appearance” and physiologically means “with regard to function.” Natural selection is the concept that

only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characters in increasing numbers to succeeding generations, while those less adapted tend to be eliminated.

Even in the most basic definition of the term, evolution implies that some type of change must occur. With regard to the scientific theory, it explains this change in purely genetic terms. Indeed, for simpler organisms (such as bacteria, fruit flies, or algae), this is the only change necessary for evolution to occur. However, in more complex systems (human beings, societies, nations, or the planet), changes can be genetic, behavioral, or, conceivably, can even relate to human consciousness.

It is valuable to investigate the evolutionary process as it relates to health. Based on this analysis, we can attempt to evaluate how our future might be affected. However, it would be beneficial for us to discuss a few key facts. Throughout history, man has had to contend with famine, war, natural disasters, and, of course, disease. Each one has served to act as a natural form of population control and, therefore, as a catalyst to the evolutionary process itself. For each new and successive challenge, man has been forced to use his ingenuity to overcome any obstacles before him. If unable to manipulate his external environment, he would have to adapt physiologically. In this way, man has been able to withstand the pressures of living on this planet and, as a result, to continue his existence. This is how the incredible process of natural selection works in its most apparent and practical application.

Just as man has had to adapt to his environment to ensure his survival, so have the multitude of other organisms inhabiting the planet alongside him. Animals, plants, and insects have all undergone their own unique evolutionary processes, as have microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. Even these organisms, which are typically associated with human disease and death, must change and adapt to survive.

Adaptation, natural selection, mutationBut we must ask ourselves: are the organisms that cause human illness actually a threat to our existence, or are they simply different life-forms with which we must learn to coexist? Obviously, we can be as much of a nuisance to bacterial and viral microorganisms as they can be to us. Since they typically lack the machinery to exist and multiply independently, microorganisms require a host organism (such as a human, animal, insect, or plant) in which to dwell. When the host actually ends up attacking the microorganisms, these life forms must also adapt to their environment or risk being killed off. Both bacteria and viruses adapt by mutating, which enables them to evade detection more effectively. This is vital, as their surroundings may suddenly become saturated with a poisonous antibiotic or perhaps even get invaded by dangerous (to them) white blood cells. Very often, these organisms are placed under the most extreme and stressful conditions. At these times, they will respond by multiplying rapidly in a final attempt to survive, often killing off their host in the process.

On an evolutionary level, viral and bacterial organisms have played a crucial role in human existence. Without them, the human immune system would have had very little stimulus to develop, perhaps even weakening the human species as a whole. We cannot disregard these microorganismic life forms when contemplating our own evolution. They have been vital in helping us develop into the living beings we are today (as well as being our oldest ancestors, but that is another story).

Interestingly, humans have been playing a game of cat and mouse with microorganisms for decades, all in a futile attempt to eradicate them from the planet. Our efforts, however, have not only failed to remove them from our lives completely but have also led to the creation of superspecies that have successfully adapted to our weaponry. Even as we have succeeded in ridding ourselves of diseases like polio and smallpox, new forms of microorganisms have surfaced to take their place. The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the avian influenza (bird flu) viruses are two current examples; they are among the newest microorganisms to threaten human health. Human Influenza Virus is yet another—this virus is itself a rapidly mutating pathogen, and as such, we have been unable to control it effectively. As a result, a new flu vaccine must be developed and administered annually to combat emerging strains.

HIV, immune system, evolutionThe importance of these examples lies in illustrating a fundamental principle of human health. The virulence (strength) of an organism is not the only factor involved in our response to infection—that is, whether we’ll get sick or what our chance of survival is if we do. In fact, virulence may not even be the primary factor involved in illness at all. It is becoming increasingly evident that the environment in which an organism lives plays a crucial role in determining its outcome. Healthy individuals (those with strong and well-functioning immune systems) have the greatest ability to ward off illness and, in the process, become stronger with each successive exposure, as coming into contact with virulent microorganisms serves to strengthen their immunity.

We can see examples of this with every infection known to man. Take HIV, for instance; when homosexual men first started showing signs of disease in the latter part of the 1970s, the initial prognosis was of a sure and swift death. We now know, however, that it is possible to live for many years, and even thrive, despite being infected with HIV. Yes, it’s true that people still die from AIDS; nonetheless, we can all glean a glimmer of hope from people like Ervin “Magic” Johnson, who conducts his life healthily and productively even in the face of being HIV positive. Magic Johnson and others like him not only serve as inspirations to anyone diagnosed with HIV, but also remind us that our current views on health may no longer be adequate: we may need a new model.

Essentially, the message I would like to get across here is that as long as human beings inhabit the earth, there will be organisms that we must contend with; organisms that may compromise our health and even cause death in epidemic proportions. It would probably be wiser to strengthen our immune system or the environment in which these microorganisms must dwell, rather than solely relying on outside interventions to combat what are otherwise worthy life forms. By adopting optimal health practices, you will do more to ensure your survival and, subsequently, pass forth your genes than you will by doing nothing at all and leaving your health to chance.

ecomposing, bacteria, evolution, adaptationWe would be better served to appreciate all life-forms inhabiting our earth as not only worthy of their existence, but also as vital contributors to the evolution of this planet and, indeed, of life itself. The energetic configurations that form microorganisms serve many vital functions. They act as decomposers of other energy forms (for example, organic materials found in nature, as well as food in our digestive tracts), producers of vital gases and other biologically active substances, transporters of genes among different species, and, yes, even as a form of population control. Why, then, should we attempt to eliminate organisms that have such a high degree of functionality?

It does not make sense for us to attempt to eradicate any other life form, as we cannot be confident with our limited knowledge of what their functions might be. It seems logical, then, to accept all living forms as our cohabitants on this earth. Of course, we must always remain vigilant, as it would be foolish to allow an overgrowth of microorganisms to compromise our resources or health. However, despite a certain amount of individual risk, our species can certainly coexist symbiotically with all other life forms. In fact, it appears that we even need them to continue our own physical evolution. It would seem more practical to focus our attention on health-enhancing behaviors, those that enhance and revitalize our own energy, rather than on eradicating microorganisms.

Hurricane Katrina evacuationThe stark reality is that we must learn to coexist with many different species, some of which have yet to be discovered and perhaps even some that have not yet evolved. Some new species will likely be created by our own elaborate endeavors, particularly through genetic engineering (as with SARS-CoV-2) and the rampant misuse of antibiotics (superbugs). Please understand, however, that I do not deny the necessity of monitoring the dynamics of human-microbe interactions—it is essential. However, by practicing healthy habits, we stand the best chance of living symbiotically with all other life-forms, which is crucial, as we should not allow them the opportunity to eradicate us either.

Along with ever-evolving microorganisms, we will also have to contend with our fair share of natural disasters in the future, such as Hurricane Katrina, which devastated New Orleans in the autumn of 2005. What stood out the most for me from this tragedy was the overwhelmingly large number of sick and infirm people who were incapable of withdrawing from the city. Even though this scenario is a harsh reality of any emergency evacuation, I cannot help but feel that, as a population, we can consciously change the number of people needing ambulatory assistance. Here is a relevant statistic:

Approximately 50 percent of all deaths in this country are due to faulty lifestyle choices (lack of movement, poor diet, drugs, etc.).

If we could reduce this number by even 10 percent, disasters like Katrina might claim fewer lives.

Not only that, but in today’s volatile political environment, where the threat of terrorism and war looms constantly overhead, we will likely see the earth’s natural resources—particularly freshwater—become even scarcer.

We cannot be sure of where the human evolutionary path might lead us, so doesn’t it seem wise to prepare ourselves physically for any scenario that might eventually surface?

The best preparation would be to adopt healthy, life-enhancing habits: healthy diet, movement, rest, bodywork, mental balance, and toxin avoidance are the essential components to strengthen and boost your body completely. With optimal health, you will not only have a greater chance of surviving a major catastrophe, but more importantly, you will find that excellent health gives you a large degree of personal fulfillment and enhances your life significantly.

Life & DeathOne final point I would like to make is that if we wish to keep our views on health in perspective, as well as how health serves us, then we must acknowledge a simple fact: we are mortal beings. Although everyone is aware of the inevitability of death, many of us tend to see death as “bad” or undesirable. Death, however, is as important to life as life itself. Without it, we would not be able to support new life, whether human or otherwise, as our vital resources would become exhausted from uncontrolled population growth. The truth is that to defy death, we would have to defy the tendencies of the universe—particularly those that relate to the movement of energy, polarity, and rhythm, and, in fact, evolution itself.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed; it can only change forms. Further, as a result of the universe’s tendency toward polarity, very few things exist without their exact opposites. Birth and death, then, represent the two poles of one type of energetic formation: our physical bodies. We cannot escape this fundamental progression. As energetic life-forms, we must naturally submit to these universal forces. Birth, life, and death occur together as one single process; they are, shall we say, inseparable. As this process unfolds, it does so in a very distinct rhythmic pattern—seventy to ninety years in the human perception of time—yet nothing more than a brief moment, a spark, in the grander scale of the infinite universe.

We must accept death as a natural process. Although the physical body seems to appear and then disappear rapidly in a short wisp of time, we can rest assured that our energy remains in the universe forever. Major religions call this immortality. We are mortal beings, dependent on the physical laws of our physical world; however, we are immortal too—in spirit.

So embrace it; don’t fear death. Living your life in fear is not living at all. Not only will fearing death prevent you from experiencing all the richness life has to offer, but it will also lead you to make poor decisions regarding your health and well-being.

Los Angeles chiropractorA long-time client of mine recently remarked while speaking about Covid that he, in his late fifties, has lived a good, long life and when it’s his time…it’ll be his time. I found this notion odd because, as a whole, he is a remarkably fit guy. He exercises at least five days per week, eats healthfully and moderately, and has meaningful relationships, a number of enriching hobbies, and a professional purpose which gives some meaning to his life. So I had to think about this idea with regard to lifespan and quality of life as we get older, but particularly with respect to how we view the aging process, what we do with the time we have left remaining, and how to think about our inevitable deaths.

My client’s remark struck me as odd since the average life expectancy for an American male is 78.6 years old. Now let’s think about this for a minute. When talking about the average, or mean value, for a (usually large) number in a set, it is important to remember that we are talking about the value in the center of all other values put together. To put it more simply, the average is in the center of a particular range of numbers and will have nearly equal parts bigger and smaller numbers. Thus, if the average American male lives 78.6 years, that means roughly half of American men will live longer. The law of large numbers guarantees that outliers (like existence a 120-year-old person) will not skew the average. That being said, what does the average life expectancy say about each individual’s potentiality for longevity and quality of life?

The average American is overweight. In fact, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly 75% of the U.S. population is overweight. Two in five people (42.4%) in the U.S. are obese. Let me rephrase that: Take a group of five Americans randomly…four will be overweight, two of them will actually be obese, and only one will be “healthy weight.” Now overweight has some wiggle room; I mean, a body mass index (BMI) of 25 is still considered overweight. Therefore, a 6’0” man at 185 lbs. has a BMI of 25.1. A BMI between 18.5 – 24.9 is a healthy weight, so I would not consider a BMI of 25 problematic. Nonetheless, as you start to push the BMI toward 28-29 (6’0” 210 lbs.), you are just a few pounds short of obesity (BMI 30). If you want to calculate your BMI, you can do so here:

Los Angeles chiropracticIf the average American is overweight, and almost half the population obese, then any individual who is not overweight or obese has a pretty good chance of living into his or her eighties. And their quality of life will be greatly enhanced. How can I be so sure? Well overweight and obese are at higher risk for Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, cancer, and death from Covid. In fact, being overweight or obese greatly increases your risk of death overall. The top five causes of death worldwide are: high blood pressure, tobacco use, high blood glucose, physical inactivity, and overweight and obesity. My client’s well-managed weight almost ensures, in the absence of any accidents or violence, that he will live past the average life span. You should never stop working at weight management, no matter how many times you slip. Get back up and try again if you do – it is most certainly worth the work.

How about drugs? Well first we have prescription meds – 131 million Americans take at least one prescription medication. In a country with 329.5 million people, that’s 40% of the population which is medicated. In fact, the U.S. is the greatest consumer of drugs around the world. That means that either the U.S. is the sickest nation in the world (might be if looked at clearly: U.S. obesity statistics are alarming) or the big business of pharmaceuticals, replete with its white-coat pushers, has found the ultimate market in America. And just to add some spice to these numbers: The U.S. population is roughly 20% children (72 million). So pulling children off the total U.S. population number, it means more than half of American adults take at least one prescription medication regularly. Here is the kicker, though: of these people, the average number of medications taken is FOUR! You must never forget that ALL medications come with side-effects. The longer a person takes a medication (lifestyle drugs) the greater the chance of having his or her physiology affected. Why do you think doctors always ask which meds you’re on? Because medications affect the body, period – no escaping it. The less you take, the less disruption to your physiology. My client, who takes only one prescription medication regularly, is still on the lower rungs of the mile-high medication ladder. If you, like me, take zero meds, then you will have the least amount of medication-disrupted physiology and the highest probability of longevity.

Beverly Hills chiropracticHow about the other drugs – the fun ones? Alcohol, tobacco, and other illicit substances. According to the National Center for Drug Abuse Statistics, 165 million Americans aged 12 years or older currently abuse drugs – that is ~60% of the population (Minus kids under 12). Alcohol consumption is the highest at 139.8 million Americans 12 and over (~51%). Next is tobacco at 58.8 million people (~20%). Finally are the illicit drugs (coke, methamphetamine, heroin, and so on) – 31.9 million Americans use them (~12%). Need I go over all the damage caused by drugs and alcohol neurologically, organically, psychologically and in mal-quality of life to chronic users? My client is a rare drinker at most, putting him at an almost zero risk to health and longevity. And if you are a total abstainer, then your potentiality of living a long, healthful life is rather high.

The one area my client seems to skimp on is getting adequate sleep. My understanding is that his sleep is often interrupted (perhaps from the one medication he takes), and I will say that this one negative element actually can be impactful. At the very least, his lack of restful sleep may lead him to question, psychologically, whether he is expressing his best health. When tired, life can seem a little dragging to anyone. It might also lead one to “feel old”, something I hear quite regularly in my West Hollywood chiropractic practice. When people are in physical pain they do, it turns out, feel older. However, when chiropractic helps relieve their pain, their vibrancy increases, and they appear lighter on their feet and in their attitudes. Getting proper rest can have the same effect on a person. Just take that much-needed vacation you’ve been putting off to see this principle in action. Getting sufficient rest is as important as healthy diet, regular exercise and keeping drugs/alcohol to a minimum.

So again, I found it surprising when my client spoke of his life as if he were on his last legs – living in his golden years. A man in his late fifties should be contemplating what his final contributions to the world will be in service and creativity, thinking about his family and estate, and the ways in which he will enjoy his next forty years. One’s golden years seem to me to be no earlier than in one’s seventies. I do believe, though, that my client’s perspective was being colored by his lack of sleep. That will certainly make anyone feel older. I do not profess an easy solution to this problem, as the cause of insomnia may be varied and complex; however, in the simplest way possible, I must emphasize that if this is also your problem you really should work on fixing the problem sooner rather than later – your quality of life will improve dramatically by doing so. The average life expectancy of an American male is 78.6 years – higher for a female at 78.8 years. Just remember that the average American is also overweight/obese, takes 1-4 prescription drugs, and abuses drugs and alcohol. These are real facts, ugly or not. If very few of these apply to you – or even none! – then you will most likely, in the absence of accident or violence live long into your eighties, nineties, and for some, even hundreds.

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