Currently viewing the tag: "immune system"

Evolution - Living Symbiotically with MicrobesAll things change in order to develop and expand. In biology, the theory of evolution explains that

Groups of organisms change with the passage of time, mainly as a result of natural selection, so that descendants differ morphologically and physiologically from their ancestors.

In layman’s terms, morphologically means “in appearance” and physiologically means “with regard to function.” Natural selection is the concept that

only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characters in increasing numbers to succeeding generations, while those less adapted tend to be eliminated.

Even in the most basic definition of the term, evolution implies that some type of change must occur. With regard to the scientific theory, it explains this change in purely genetic terms. Indeed, for simpler organisms (such as bacteria, fruit flies, or algae), this is the only change necessary for evolution to occur. However, in more complex systems (human beings, societies, nations, or the planet), changes can be genetic, behavioral, or, conceivably, can even relate to human consciousness.

It is valuable to investigate the evolutionary process as it relates to health. Based on this analysis, we can attempt to evaluate how our future might be affected. However, it would be beneficial for us to discuss a few key facts. Throughout history, man has had to contend with famine, war, natural disasters, and, of course, disease. Each one has served to act as a natural form of population control and, therefore, as a catalyst to the evolutionary process itself. For each new and successive challenge, man has been forced to use his ingenuity to overcome any obstacles before him. If unable to manipulate his external environment, he would have to adapt physiologically. In this way, man has been able to withstand the pressures of living on this planet and, as a result, to continue his existence. This is how the incredible process of natural selection works in its most apparent and practical application.

Just as man has had to adapt to his environment to ensure his survival, so have the multitude of other organisms inhabiting the planet alongside him. Animals, plants, and insects have all undergone their own unique evolutionary processes, as have microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. Even these organisms, which are typically associated with human disease and death, must change and adapt to survive.

Adaptation, natural selection, mutationBut we must ask ourselves: are the organisms that cause human illness actually a threat to our existence, or are they simply different life-forms with which we must learn to coexist? Obviously, we can be as much of a nuisance to bacterial and viral microorganisms as they can be to us. Since they typically lack the machinery to exist and multiply independently, microorganisms require a host organism (such as a human, animal, insect, or plant) in which to dwell. When the host actually ends up attacking the microorganisms, these life forms must also adapt to their environment or risk being killed off. Both bacteria and viruses adapt by mutating, which enables them to evade detection more effectively. This is vital, as their surroundings may suddenly become saturated with a poisonous antibiotic or perhaps even get invaded by dangerous (to them) white blood cells. Very often, these organisms are placed under the most extreme and stressful conditions. At these times, they will respond by multiplying rapidly in a final attempt to survive, often killing off their host in the process.

On an evolutionary level, viral and bacterial organisms have played a crucial role in human existence. Without them, the human immune system would have had very little stimulus to develop, perhaps even weakening the human species as a whole. We cannot disregard these microorganismic life forms when contemplating our own evolution. They have been vital in helping us develop into the living beings we are today (as well as being our oldest ancestors, but that is another story).

Interestingly, humans have been playing a game of cat and mouse with microorganisms for decades, all in a futile attempt to eradicate them from the planet. Our efforts, however, have not only failed to remove them from our lives completely but have also led to the creation of superspecies that have successfully adapted to our weaponry. Even as we have succeeded in ridding ourselves of diseases like polio and smallpox, new forms of microorganisms have surfaced to take their place. The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the avian influenza (bird flu) viruses are two current examples; they are among the newest microorganisms to threaten human health. Human Influenza Virus is yet another—this virus is itself a rapidly mutating pathogen, and as such, we have been unable to control it effectively. As a result, a new flu vaccine must be developed and administered annually to combat emerging strains.

HIV, immune system, evolutionThe importance of these examples lies in illustrating a fundamental principle of human health. The virulence (strength) of an organism is not the only factor involved in our response to infection—that is, whether we’ll get sick or what our chance of survival is if we do. In fact, virulence may not even be the primary factor involved in illness at all. It is becoming increasingly evident that the environment in which an organism lives plays a crucial role in determining its outcome. Healthy individuals (those with strong and well-functioning immune systems) have the greatest ability to ward off illness and, in the process, become stronger with each successive exposure, as coming into contact with virulent microorganisms serves to strengthen their immunity.

We can see examples of this with every infection known to man. Take HIV, for instance; when homosexual men first started showing signs of disease in the latter part of the 1970s, the initial prognosis was of a sure and swift death. We now know, however, that it is possible to live for many years, and even thrive, despite being infected with HIV. Yes, it’s true that people still die from AIDS; nonetheless, we can all glean a glimmer of hope from people like Ervin “Magic” Johnson, who conducts his life healthily and productively even in the face of being HIV positive. Magic Johnson and others like him not only serve as inspirations to anyone diagnosed with HIV, but also remind us that our current views on health may no longer be adequate: we may need a new model.

Essentially, the message I would like to get across here is that as long as human beings inhabit the earth, there will be organisms that we must contend with; organisms that may compromise our health and even cause death in epidemic proportions. It would probably be wiser to strengthen our immune system or the environment in which these microorganisms must dwell, rather than solely relying on outside interventions to combat what are otherwise worthy life forms. By adopting optimal health practices, you will do more to ensure your survival and, subsequently, pass forth your genes than you will by doing nothing at all and leaving your health to chance.

ecomposing, bacteria, evolution, adaptationWe would be better served to appreciate all life-forms inhabiting our earth as not only worthy of their existence, but also as vital contributors to the evolution of this planet and, indeed, of life itself. The energetic configurations that form microorganisms serve many vital functions. They act as decomposers of other energy forms (for example, organic materials found in nature, as well as food in our digestive tracts), producers of vital gases and other biologically active substances, transporters of genes among different species, and, yes, even as a form of population control. Why, then, should we attempt to eliminate organisms that have such a high degree of functionality?

It does not make sense for us to attempt to eradicate any other life form, as we cannot be confident with our limited knowledge of what their functions might be. It seems logical, then, to accept all living forms as our cohabitants on this earth. Of course, we must always remain vigilant, as it would be foolish to allow an overgrowth of microorganisms to compromise our resources or health. However, despite a certain amount of individual risk, our species can certainly coexist symbiotically with all other life forms. In fact, it appears that we even need them to continue our own physical evolution. It would seem more practical to focus our attention on health-enhancing behaviors, those that enhance and revitalize our own energy, rather than on eradicating microorganisms.

Hurricane Katrina evacuationThe stark reality is that we must learn to coexist with many different species, some of which have yet to be discovered and perhaps even some that have not yet evolved. Some new species will likely be created by our own elaborate endeavors, particularly through genetic engineering (as with SARS-CoV-2) and the rampant misuse of antibiotics (superbugs). Please understand, however, that I do not deny the necessity of monitoring the dynamics of human-microbe interactions—it is essential. However, by practicing healthy habits, we stand the best chance of living symbiotically with all other life-forms, which is crucial, as we should not allow them the opportunity to eradicate us either.

Along with ever-evolving microorganisms, we will also have to contend with our fair share of natural disasters in the future, such as Hurricane Katrina, which devastated New Orleans in the autumn of 2005. What stood out the most for me from this tragedy was the overwhelmingly large number of sick and infirm people who were incapable of withdrawing from the city. Even though this scenario is a harsh reality of any emergency evacuation, I cannot help but feel that, as a population, we can consciously change the number of people needing ambulatory assistance. Here is a relevant statistic:

Approximately 50 percent of all deaths in this country are due to faulty lifestyle choices (lack of movement, poor diet, drugs, etc.).

If we could reduce this number by even 10 percent, disasters like Katrina might claim fewer lives.

Not only that, but in today’s volatile political environment, where the threat of terrorism and war looms constantly overhead, we will likely see the earth’s natural resources—particularly freshwater—become even scarcer.

We cannot be sure of where the human evolutionary path might lead us, so doesn’t it seem wise to prepare ourselves physically for any scenario that might eventually surface?

The best preparation would be to adopt healthy, life-enhancing habits: healthy diet, movement, rest, bodywork, mental balance, and toxin avoidance are the essential components to strengthen and boost your body completely. With optimal health, you will not only have a greater chance of surviving a major catastrophe, but more importantly, you will find that excellent health gives you a large degree of personal fulfillment and enhances your life significantly.

Life & DeathOne final point I would like to make is that if we wish to keep our views on health in perspective, as well as how health serves us, then we must acknowledge a simple fact: we are mortal beings. Although everyone is aware of the inevitability of death, many of us tend to see death as “bad” or undesirable. Death, however, is as important to life as life itself. Without it, we would not be able to support new life, whether human or otherwise, as our vital resources would become exhausted from uncontrolled population growth. The truth is that to defy death, we would have to defy the tendencies of the universe—particularly those that relate to the movement of energy, polarity, and rhythm, and, in fact, evolution itself.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed; it can only change forms. Further, as a result of the universe’s tendency toward polarity, very few things exist without their exact opposites. Birth and death, then, represent the two poles of one type of energetic formation: our physical bodies. We cannot escape this fundamental progression. As energetic life-forms, we must naturally submit to these universal forces. Birth, life, and death occur together as one single process; they are, shall we say, inseparable. As this process unfolds, it does so in a very distinct rhythmic pattern—seventy to ninety years in the human perception of time—yet nothing more than a brief moment, a spark, in the grander scale of the infinite universe.

We must accept death as a natural process. Although the physical body seems to appear and then disappear rapidly in a short wisp of time, we can rest assured that our energy remains in the universe forever. Major religions call this immortality. We are mortal beings, dependent on the physical laws of our physical world; however, we are immortal too—in spirit.

So embrace it; don’t fear death. Living your life in fear is not living at all. Not only will fearing death prevent you from experiencing all the richness life has to offer, but it will also lead you to make poor decisions regarding your health and well-being.

More stupidity coming out of the flu shot camp this year.  Same old propaganda.  Here’s the deal according to experts: You’re an idiot if you don’t get the flu shot.  All your reservations against getting the flu shot are false.  Not one thing you think negatively about the flu shot is proven, but get this…the flu shot is based on sound evidence.  Har, har, har.  Sounds like today’s best political style–if they disagree, denigrate them.

According to a recent report, many Americans are planning to bypass the flu shot this year.  A survey conducted by the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID) found that 43% of Americans will not be getting a flu shot this season.  Additionally, a second study found that one-third of American mothers said they have no plans to get a flu shot for their children.  Booyah!

I love it.  But the medical establishment doesn’t.  They’ve been ramming the flu shot malarkey down our throats for years, and they are WRONG!  Wrong.  I’ve been reporting on this sham for the last four years.  Every year they say the same thing.  2007 saw record flu shots given, yet the incidences of flu were off the charts.  The shot gave little protection that year.  In 2008, people kept away from the bull shot.  Guess what?  Flu cases went down!  Get it?

I’ve said this before, getting the flu strains right* in any particular year is very much like predicting the weather–it’s a crap shoot.  It’s freakin’ bogus.  But what really offends me is the arrogance by which the establishment belittles people who see this and choose not to swallow the BS being fed to them.

“Flu is serious. Every year millions of people get sick; more than 200,000 people are hospitalized and thousands of people die from influenza,” Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Yes, sick people, unhealthy people, immunocompromised people and malnourished children.  My children have had the flu every year–they’re alive.  God bless their immune systems.  If you want a flu shot–go get one; it’s available.  We’ll pass, though, thank you.  Are we stupid?  OK, I’ll take that under consideration.

Flu expert Dr. Marc Siegel believes that many people who opt not to get a flu shot are falling prey to myths about the vaccine. “It’s all because of this nonsense that’s been circulating that somehow the flu shot is dangerous.”

No doctor, listen up: It’s because the seasonal flu shot is bogus.  Plain and simple.  Wake up.

And his thoughts on the belief of some people that hand-washing helps prevent spread of the flu: “The idea that you are not going to spread the flu by washing your hands has never been proven,” Siegal noted.

And the sham that getting a flu shot prevents the flu has not only never been proven, it fails to do so many years–think 2007-2008.

I’ll keep reporting on this nonsense every year until the numbers of rejecters reaches high eighty percent.  Until then, hats off dissenters.  Glad you recognize the agenda.

* This year’s shot will contain the H1N1 strain…the same one they had to burn last season because nobody wanted.  Guess they found use for it.  How does it feel to be part of a massive public health experiment?

Here’s a spectacular story of nature and technological potential all rolled into one fascinating physiological process–the incredible human immune system.  Researchers have found previously unknown antibodies that might prevent HIV from entering cells.  This immune system soldier could potentially be the key to discovering a long-awaited vaccine against the illusive virus.  The magnificence of the human body never fails to amaze me.

According to researchers, the newly found antibodies (three to be exact) neutralize more than 90 percent of a group of HIV-1 strains, involving all major genetic subtypes of the virus.  They do so by acting as gumming agents tying up the lock that the HIV virus “picks” in order to enter a cell.

These antibodies only appear to exist in some people, and even in the fortunate carriers they fail to make enough to totally clear the virus.  Enter human technology: The idea scientists have is to coax the body, through a vaccine, to produce the virus-neutralizing antibody.

Scientists admit that they are several years away from fully developing the vaccine but remain hopeful.  “The goal is to vaccinate individuals and have their own immune systems make an antibody like this,” said Dr. John Mascola, a vaccine researcher and co-author of two new studies on the soldier antibodies. “To do that, we have to design a new vaccine, study it first in animal models and then try it in small scale human studies, and see if it does what we expect it to do. That takes a quite a bit of time and effort.”

I have no doubt we will be hearing more about these antibodies in the future.  They exist and have now been uncovered; we are sure to learn much more about where they come from, how they operate, and whether they are truly unique to some, or if we all have the potential to develop them.  Pretty cool, huh?


Have you ever heard somebody say, “I never get sick?” Or the nonsensical equivalent, “I haven’t been sick in three years (five years, ten years, whatever).” Now is that really possible? I think those that say it have little or no understanding of human physiology.

The human immune system has evolved to distinguish self from non-self, normal and healthy metabolites from foreign invaders. When the immune system encounters a foreign substance, it goes through a cascade of responses that include humoral, cell-mediated, and non-specific immune processes. Our bodies essentially create symptoms (those things most people consider as being sick, but of which I’ll argue is really health) to fight various insults to the body, including microorganisms, toxins, and many cancers. Inflammation itself is a healing process.

To say one never gets sick in the layman’s term (and only a layman would say such a thing), means one never experiences symptoms. To say one never experiences symptoms would either mean the person never encounters a foreign substance (they must live in a plastic bubble), or she has zero healthy response to foreign invaders. Would this be healthy? Would this be possible?

Since I’ve never personally recorded a someone’s health/non-illness status who makes this claim, I have no idea if it really exists, although I’ve certainly explained why I doubt it. If it truly does exist, then I would say to that person, “Watch out–your body’s lack of healthful immune response means that it’s not doing the job it has evolved to.” It is virtually impossible for any human being to not encounter foreign pathogens. Sorry.

Interestingly, allergies are on the rise in developed countries including the U.S. One hypothesis, which I consider highly plausible, is that our drive to never encounter foreign substances (or in other words, our attempt at “never being sick”) through hyper-cleanliness and hyper-vaccination leads to an under-stimulated immune system. Preventing normal/natural exposure to dirt, germs or pathogens causes our immune system to get “bored.” As a result, the immune system begins to attack itself causing allergies (and other auto-immune disorders). This is called the hygiene hypothesis, and is merely one of many hypotheses trying to explain the increased incidence of allergies.

We have evolved an immune system for a reason–the world is filled with opportunistic organisms fighting to survive like every living thing. Our immune system is our natural defense that has allowed us to live in a dangerous world for millions of years. To suggest that one has transcended human evolution by taking supplements, exercising or any other reason people use to tell the world how healthy they are, is complete folly. It warrants a reminder: The expression of symptoms is health–therefore, no illness, no health.

Copyright © 2013 Dr. Nick Campos - All Rights Reserved.